This is just an ammeter isn't it? It's not a charge controller?
I'm not missing something am I?...
If it's an ammeter,
*IF* it's a 12 volt battery string, simply jump the 12 volts on the bottom terminals to the external power terminals above (in diagram).
*IF* you think there *Might* be a problem, put a 1 amp fuse in the positive jumper.
It's got to be direct read digital, volatile memory, wipes when power is cut.
My guess would be, the display is wired directly also, when you loose power to display you also loose memory.
It's the easiest/cheapest way to wire things...
And the guys are dead correct,
A fully charged '12 volt' battery is already over 12 volts, usually in the 13.5 volt range.
Most '12 Volt' appliances will handle 16 to 18 volts.
If it were mine, I would jump the 12 volt battery terminals up to the 'External Power' terminals on the unit.
-----------
*IF* it's higher than 12 volt battery string, then it's a full time 12 volt source from someplace, like a single battery in a string.
DC is a closed loop, where ever you 'Tap' the power from, it will NOT be overloaded but the higher voltage in the string.
Tap one battery in a 48 volt string, and it's still 12 volts.
----------------
Guys that messed with batteries with exposed connections between cells,
Which is very few,
First you have to be exposed to batteries with exposed connections (like fork truck batteries) and you have to have enough interest to mess with them...
You can charge, or extract power from a 24 volt (or 36, or 48) volt battery as 6 volt or 12 volts, etc.
Since each cell has exposed terminals, you simply count the number of cells for your required voltage and hook up load, or charger.
Many people don't know there are batteries available with cell Taps (connections) for more than one voltage.
This is an example of a 16 volt battery that also has a 12 volt tap terminal.
Mostly used for race cars, while most electronics will work better with 16 volts, some ignition and electronic fuel injection systems won't tolerate the 18 volt charging needed for the 16 volt battery.
The 12 volt tap is provided for those sensitive electronics.