You must have an inverter to convert the DC to AC. That's one place you can put the protector. I would prefer it a bit further away from the inverter's input. Not at the disconnect switch though, because you'd be connecting the protector ground to the solar panel ground wire which is likely to be energized by the surge as well.
The point of the protector is to grab any high voltages on the pv lines and direct them into ground before they get to into your inverter. To do this, the ground for the protector needs to be as close to the main house ground as possible, but it also needs to connect to the pv lines away from the inverter if possible.
Assuming your main panel is pretty close to your inverter, what would be ideal is as follows: Connect a junction box to the main panel and install the protector there. Run the PV output from your disconnect to that junction box. Then run a separate pair of PV wires from the junction box to your inverter. The ground from the protector would get connected to the main panel's ground. The PV wires would splice together in the junction box and connect to the protector at the same time.
Your inverter isn't going to care that there's a a splice in the PV line, and by putting the protector that close to the main house gound the protector has the best chance of draining the voltage to ground before it gets into your inverter.